Tavistock Mandarin Tutors and Tavistock Mandarin Tuition

Personal Description:
I am a native Chinese speaker with a good level of English.
A good nature and level headed character with lots of patience.
I used to Work as an announcer at a local cable television station in China.
Chinese language presenter for Eava FM 102.5, a local radio station in Leicester for minorities.

Teaching Experience:
Mandarin Tutor for the University of Leicester.
Mandarin Tutor for the University of Nottingham.
Mandarin Tutor for the Leicester Chinese Community Centre.
Mandarin Tutor for the Seagrave village primary school in Loughborough.
Private Tutor for students taking the GCSE.
Private Chinese Tutor for Adult student.

Tutoring Approach:
Setting the targets for each Level.
Encourage students to participate in arranging course contents.
Allowing maximum interaction via group activities.

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Personal Description:
I am a PGCE-qualified teacher with two Master's degrees, and I also serve as a Cambridge International examiner. My teaching expertise covers Mandarin GCSE (9-1), IGCSE, GCE (A level), HSK, Japanese GCSE (9-1), and JLPT qualifications. I teach my students both on-site and via Zoom for private students.

Teaching Experience:
I teach both Mandarin and Japanese at local independent schools and universities, and I am also an experienced private tutor. I instruct both simplified and traditional Chinese, as well as Japanese, to both native and non-native students, including professionals. Over the past decade, my students have consistently achieved outstanding results in Edexcel Chinese (9-1) and Japanese GCSEs (9-1), earning A* and Grade 9. Additionally, they have excelled with As in A-level Chinese.

I've successfully tutored numerous students who pursued further 'Oriental studies' at Oxford University, completed an MPhil in Chinese studies at Oxford, and Japanese at Leeds University and Cardiff University.

In addition, I possess a strong working knowledge of the national curriculum and am very familiar with the demands and expectations of both state and independent schooling.

Tutoring Approach:
Encouraging, effective, student-centered approach, and developing a love for learning.

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Personal Description:
I'm a Chinese girl who is really hard working and self-disciplined. I am a postgraduate in Translation and Interpreting at University of Essex. I did my bachelor's degree in English in China and I was the top student in my class.

Apart from the high levels of enthusiasm and commitment, as I have been trained intensively to be a Simultaneous Interpreter/ Conference Interpreter, I enjoy the advantage of good presentation and speaking manner. It's proven that I have strong teamwork spirit and multitask skills. I can work under high pressure and am able to schedule priorities and perform/delegate accordingly to effectively accomplish tasks at hand. Living in China for 20 years, I can always look at things in new perspective. Culturally I am strongly adaptive since I can smoothly operate in two entirely different environments.

Teaching Experience:
I have tutored some primary school kids on their English course when I was in China. Their class performance was much better after my tutoring. I managed to get a Teacher's Certificate by taking the national exam when I was in China.

I have a real passion for languages and have been very privileged to have had the opportunities to go and live in the countries where these languages are spoken and experience the diverse culture each country has to offer. Teaching is something that I am very passionate about and want to help others have the same opportunities I have been fortunate to have.

Tutoring Approach:
I work closely with my students to customize the most effective one-on-one tutoring solution. I listen. Before designing a module, I make careful observation and evaluate the student's ability. I teach with the most patience.

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Personal Description:
ONLINE OR Face to face LESSONS AVAILABLE .

Qualified teacher for over 20 years, including GCSE A Level KS3 Also delivering the oral part of exams.

As a speaker of four languages I know what it feels like to be a student as well as a teacher, so I like to ensure my lessons are not boring but also not just fun and no learning development happens.

I have a purpose designed classroom in my house, with whiteboards etc and a wealth of teaching material, a real teaching environment encourages good learning.

Teaching Experience:
From 2017 to date I have had many students pass GCSE and A-Levels.

Since 2015 I have also been teaching Mandarin at a local private school.

In August 2015 I travelled to Beijing to undertake further teacher training at the Beijing Language & Culture University, as I feel it is important to not become complacent and look to learn new methods and techniques.

2006-date Having moved to the UK I have taught at BBC Worldwide, London Conversation Piece, Basingstoke Queen Mary College, as well as numerous one to one classes for adults and children of all levels from holiday conversations, academic like GCSE & A Levels and professional usage such as legal, museums etc.

2001-2005 Qualified as a Mandarin teacher at the Taipei Langauge Insitute and taught people from the UK, USA, Japan and numerous other countries.

Tutoring Approach:
Every student is different so whilst my all classes cover the basics, they all are developed to personally meet your requirements and expectations.

I use various teaching methods, such as role play, newspapers, television episodes, even a trip to Chinese restaurant as well as a variety of text books and mock tests.

I will explain the grammar and how culture effects the language.

I speak with the standard correct Chinese pronunciation and use both simplified and traditional characters and even classical.

It is important to me that you both enjoy the classes but also see your Chinese develop.
Naturally lessons will cover, talking, reading, writing, listening

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Personal Description:
I am Pearl and I love teaching Mandarin. My students enjoy my versatile teaching methods too.

I have teaching experience from beginners to GCSE, A level and IB level. My students all got first round very excellent exam results most of them got A grade.

The students enjoy coming to my home to learn and I have lots of visual aids to assist them in learning. I love to teach Chinese culture and share my cooking, calligraphy and chess etc experience with learners too.

Also, I taught in international schools before and as Mandarin teacher and head of Department.

I also taught in Bolton school recently.
I have been an Edexcel examiner too and I am very familiar with the Chinese syllabus and exam contents.

I am capable to deliver Chinese A level exam contents.
I do online teaching only.

Teaching Experience:
I have over twenty years professional teaching experience in Mandarin. I am professionally qualified and I have a Master Degree in Education and PGDE too.

Tutoring Approach:
Interactive, versatile, professional and spiral approach.
Fun, creative, practical and enriching in cultural experience too.

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Personal Description:
I am an experienced native Chinese speaking, highly capable Chinese language teacher.

Fully qualified and certified to teach Mandarin Chinese as a foreign language and able to teach students of all ages and abilities. Specific deep knowledge and ability in teaching A-Level and GCSE students with proven track record in achieving excellent exam results! References on request.

Teaching Experience:
I have over 20 years experience in teaching Mandarin Chinese as a foreign language. My students are all ages including children and adults learners.

Specific deep knowledge and ability in teaching A-Level and GCSE students with proven track record in achieving excellent exam results! References on request.

Tutoring Approach:
Being a qualified and experienced teacher with graduate degree in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, I have developed strategies to keep my students engaged, focusing on practising both writing and speaking. I set up tasks which are tailored to different students in order for them to achieve their potentials and abilities in language. I am very flexible with my time, students are welcome to ask me questions after lesson hours. I try to make sure that learning experience is enjoyable and rewarding.

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Personal Description:
I am a certificated Senior Chinese Language Teacher with IPA Certification. I have taught adult individual students as well as children in groups. I have lived in Beijing, Tianjing, Xi'an and Shenzhen and am well travelled throughout the rest of China. It would be a plus to choose me if you are interested in Chinese architecture, gardens, business culture, or different kinds of Chinese food, as well as Chinese calligraphy. I have lived or travelled in many countries in Europe, America, Africa, Asian and Oceania. So, with my international background, I am comfortable with a diverse range of people.

Teaching Experience:
I have taught adult individual students, individual children and children in group. One of my adult student is an university researcher. I have taught him spoken and written Chinese for several years. My children students liked my class very much. Sometime, I taught language together with sports for children.

Currently, I am teaching in a community school in Manchester. My students are 12~13 years old, a group of 24 boys and girls. They like the Chinese language class and asked many questions about Chinese language and culture. Every weekend, I teach a 7-year old girl and her father at the same time. They are learning Mandarin listening and speaking. I really enjoy teaching them all.

Tutoring Approach:
I taught Chinese language in different ways according to my student's needs. I would like to know my student's language aims and time he or she will have to spend before we start to work together. I taught my university researcher student with listening, speaking, reading and writing all together, from begining. For another student, I taught her spoken language through discusing daily life and Chinese cultural topics she was interested in. Sometimes, I taught my children students Chinese language through yoga postures and games, which they liked very much.

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Personal Description:
I am a current student of University of Exeter, pursing a degree in Law. I have recently moved here from Singapore so as to pursue further education. I have been learning Mandarin (amongst other subject, English being one of them) since the age of 7 I have also gotten an A for Chinese in my GCSE 'O' Level.

Teaching Experience:
I have taught a primary school student on Mandarin and Math.

Tutoring Approach:
Be patient and calm.

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Personal Description:
Teaching at a prestigious independent secondary school in Kent, I am a native speaker with excellent subject knowledge and language skills. Having over 8 years of Mandarin teaching experience, my students range from pre-school young learners to adult learners. I am a qualified teacher with postgraduate certificate in Education and I am specialised in tutoring GCSE and A-Level Chinese.

Teaching Experience:
3 years as primary school English teacher in Shanghai.
3 years as Mandarin teacher at Kent Adult Education.
5 years as Mandarin teacher in secondary school (11-18 ) in the UK.

Tutoring Approach:
I am able to make your learning fun and enjoyable by means of creative techniques. I instil a sense of confidence in my pupils enabling them to maximise their understanding of the language. Each student is treated with respect and understanding regardless of their age, gender or personal circumstances. All my students have achieved Grade 8 or 9 for Chinese GCSE.

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Personal Description:
I am British, and living in Hampshire. I am a qualified secondary school teacher in the UK (QTS, PGCE), and have taught Mandarin Chinese full-time in both the state and private sectors in the UK, at two schools leading the country in their Mandarin provision. I have passed the highest level exams in Mandarin Chinese (HSK level 6, and Advanced Speaking HSKK), and have lived in China for six years. I have just completed a Master's degree in the field of applied linguistics.

My Education background is as follows.

2016-2017: University of Southampton
- MA English Language Teaching.
- Specialism in motivation in online learning.
- Distinction level pass anticipated. To receive certificate in November 2017.

2014-2015: CfBT; University of Hull
- QTS (Qualified Teacher Status), with PGCE (Postgraduate Certificate of Education).

2002 - 2005: University of Durham
- First class honours degree: Politics BA.

1992 - 2002: Portsmouth Grammar School
- A levels: French A, Spanish A, Politics A, History A,
- GCSEs: 6 A*s. 3 As.

Teaching Experience:
2017 - 2020: LSI Portsmouth English Teacher
- Taught Exam preparation courses (IELTS, CPE) to foreign students.

2015 - 2016: Whitgift School Mandarin Teacher.
- Taught Mandarin and French to secondary school students aged 11 to 15 at one of the top schools in the UK.
- Offered a permanent contract at the school.

2014 - 2015: Bohunt School Trainee Mandarin Teacher (School Direct Salaried).
- Learned from Outstanding teacher at 2014 TES School Awards Overall
School of the Year.
- Taught Mandarin and French to secondary school students aged 11 to 13.

2010 - 2014: Guilin University of Electronic Technology (Guilin, China). TEFL English Teacher.
- Taught English to Undergraduate students majoring in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language.
- Prepared students for the IELTS examination.

2008 - 2010: Caterpillar Inc (UK). Purchasing Specialist (Graduate Trainee)

2007 - 2008: New Dynamic Institute (Chengdu, China). TEFL English teacher.
- Taught small groups of professionals in middle and senior management, both conversational and Business English, in an English training school.

2005 - 2007: Thames School of Languages (Huizhou, China). TEFL English Teacher.
- Taught primary and secondary school students aged 4 to 18 in an English training school.

Tutoring Approach:
My approach to tutoring is based on my own experience and academic research in the field of second language learning.

- I aim to foster and maintain motivation, through relating all topics directly to my students' everyday lives, experiences and opinions; and through providing instruction which is tailored to students' requirements.
- I aim to make my students feel comfortable through helping them to feel relaxed and providing as much linguistic support as is needed.
- I aim to increase my students' linguistic knowledge through using resources which are at a level just slightly beyond the student's current level, so that they are comfortable, but challenged.
- I am to promote skills development through developing comprehension skills (reading and listening), but also productive skills (speaking and writing).

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Personal Description:
Graduated in Trinity College LTCL in Violin (Masters). Currently active member of The University of Manchester Symphony Orchestra and Manchester String Orchestra. Joined the Aberystwyth Philomusica and Aberystwyth Wind Band for more than 3 years. Over 10 years of music experiences. Have been learning, practising and expertising in music all my life. More like an exchange in music between music lovers rather than boring lessons. Provide violin, pop vocal, piano, basic saxophone and recorder tuition.

Teaching Experience:
Orchestra & Wind Band, Violin Music Tutor

Organization: The University of Manchester Symphony Orchestra ,Manchester String Orchestra, Aberystwyth Philomusica,
Nature of Work: First Violinist

Organization: Aberystwyth University Wind Band
Nature of work: Saxophonist

Nature of work: Private Music Tutor
Employment type: Self-employed
Dates: Ongoing

Tutoring Approach:
Introducing the easiest way to grasp the basic music skills in just a few lessons, in focus of performance-level, advanced pop and classical violin, pop singing, classical piano, basic saxophone and recorder.

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Personal Description:
Long Distance Running.
• Table Tennis & Basketball Player.
• Piano Player and Ukulele player - currently achieved medium level.
• Continuing with my own education to improve my knowledge and understanding of the educational system materials

Teaching Experience:
Experiences from Primary school to AS level Chinese, up to adult learners; I have been working at Bohunt Secondary school, Liphook, Whitgift independent school, St Gregory's school, Bath and St Alban's primary school, Macclesfield as a Chinese teacher.
Experiences from tutoring maths GCSE (AQA and EDEXCEL Exam Board), a former AQA Maths GCSE examiner.
Also experienced in teaching Chinese on a one-to-one basis, from 4-year-olds to adult age groups; also a GCSE/A-level examiner.
I am also an EPQ (Extended Project Qualification) tutor at one local school in Oxford; a freelance writer at Amazon, Jinbu 1 and 2 diary for beginners to intermediate level via Amazon。

Tutoring Approach:
Teams online or face to face.

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Personal Description:
I am a native Mandarin speaker and a qualified secondary school teacher with UK QTS. I completed my PGCE at Goldsmiths, University of London, in MFL (Mandarin). I have also completed Teacher Subject Specialism Training in Maths and have taught KS3 and KS4 Maths in UK secondary schools.

I have experience working in both state and independent schools. I enjoy supporting students of different ages and abilities, from beginners to GCSE and A Level preparation. I am patient, organised and supportive, and I aim to build students' confidence step by step.

I am based near Reading and can travel locally for lessons.

Teaching Experience:
I have worked in both state and independent secondary schools in the UK, taught Maths and Mandarin at KS3 and KS4 level. I have experience supporting students with different learning needs and helping them prepare for GCSE examinations.

Through my classroom teaching and tutoring experience, I have developed strong classroom management skills and the ability to explain concepts clearly and patiently.

Tutoring Approach:
I ensure to focus on each student's strengths and abilities to set up individual study plans.

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Personal Description:
Fully qualified teacher of Mandarin (all levels).

I prepare students for GCSE and A-level exams, as well as conduct and assess these exams for schools. I also provide teaching services for higher education establishments, government departments, and corporate entities.
I assist students with all levels of the Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK), and all my students have a very high success rate.

Teaching Experience:
I have been professionally teaching Mandarin for 15 years +.

Tutoring Approach:
I am a passionate teacher and like to keep my lessons interactive and fun.

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Personal Description:
Hello everyone,

This is Haixian(海鲜）from Coventry!
I am native Chinese Mandarin speaker with 15 years of life and work experience in the UK. Like millions of international students, I came to the UK to study my Masters Course in International Event Management at Birmingham City University 14 years ago. I have been working in different business section for years but the most enjoyable part was tutoring. I also love the coaching work involved in my previous position as an Account Manager.

I used to work part time to teach primary and secondary school children English, Math and Chinese when was at University.
I did a couple of times of visiting tutor to teach university students Mandarin at local University in 2019 in the UK. I have been a visiting tutor at local uni, also i have been teaching private lesson in KS1, KS2 and KS3 math, 11 plus preparation and Mandarin (all different levels) for 6 years.
I have been making tutoring videos and sending them to my friends for their children upon their request.

I do jogging nearly everyday as long as the weather permits.
I love making and sharing food with neighbours, colleagues and friends.
I am a certified facial and make up artist, but I don't do it as business.
I am chatter box (you may already have noticed).
..........

That is something about me, cant wait to hear your story.

Come on, learning Mandarin is super easy and we will have a lot of fun! The most difficult part is to get started.
Wait a second, will it scare you off if I tell you that I am a strict teacher? Haha, don'd worry, I am ok, not too strict.

学中文，学数学，找海鲜！

Teaching Experience:
I worked part time to teach primary and secondary school children English, Math and Chinese when was at University in China.
I did a couple of times of visiting tutor to teach university students Mandarin at local University in 2019 in the UK.
I did a couple of times of visiting tutor to teach university students Mandarin at local University in 2019 in the UK. I have been a visiting tutor at local uni, also i have been teaching private lesson in KS1, KS2 and KS3 math, 11 plus preparation and Mandarin (all different levels) for few years.
I have been making tutoring videos and sending them to my friends for their children upon their request.

Tutoring Approach:
Learning another language is fascinating because we can also learn some interesting culture and history related to that language, and yummy food is inclusive.
I have created different strategies for learning Mandarin depending on the age and language level of the students. For example, I have carefully picked some topics from official Chinese school teaching books, and some lovely popular traditional Chinese stories, then combined them with the real life and work environment around us. So that I can make sure all my students got plenty opportunities to practise what they have learnt from me.

I have studied very carefully UK primary and secondary school curriculum. I love the math theory that have been widely used in the UK. I can even make math learning more fun and interesting for students with my own different learning experience in China. Everyone will become Mathematician through my teaching.

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Personal Description:
I graduated from UCL-IOE with a master's degree in TESOL education. Before coming to the UK, I worked as an English teacher in a middle school in China. After graduating with a master's degree, I decided to stay in the UK for development. I have worked in different Chinese education institutions, including charity schools for overseas Chinese children, one-on-one tutoring, and teaching Chinese in different British primary schools, middle schools and high schools. GCSE Chinese is taught for the majority of my curriculum and my students have achieved very good grades.

Reference from the previous student's parents:
'When we returned from Hong Kong where our daughter had been learning Mandarin for a few years, her London school did not have a Mandarin programme so Jing tutored her to GCSE level outside of school. Thanks to Jings careful but stimulating tuition, Martha made astonishing progress, especially given she had just one hour a week, much of which was through Covid. She sat the GCSE one year ahead of her other GCSEs and achieved a grade 8. Jing's lessons kept Martha motivated and she went into the GCSE well prepared and calm She loved working with Jing and was delighted with her result! Jing was a pleasure to deal with throughout. We couldn't recommend her highly enough!' ------- Sarah Lewell

Teaching Experience:
As a Mandarin teacher for curriculum and private tuition since 2015, my major duties are:
Designing different lessons based on the learners' level. Giving English reports to the school or parents. Marking coursework and giving feedback to students. Managing students' behaviour in the classroom. Invigilating examinations.

Tutoring Approach:
My teaching method focuses on motivating students to focus more on Chinese learning through interest or the way students are interested. For example, use some catchy nursery rhymes, songs, and small games to guide primary school students who are new to Chinese. For older students, I will use the apps in computers, ipads and other electronic products to help students quickly master the words they have learned. and so on.

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Personal Description:
I specialise in helping students achieve Grades 8-9 in GCSE Chinese through structured, exam-focused training.

TCSOL-qualified Mandarin teacher with over 20 years of experience, specialising in GCSE, IGCSE and A-Level exam preparation. I am also a certified HSK examiner and GCSE Speaking Examiner, with a clear understanding of exam requirements and marking criteria.

Teaching Experience:
Many of my students have achieved strong GCSE results, including those who initially struggled or lacked confidence.

I have developed a structured GCSE Chinese programme, supported by my own teaching materials, to help students improve efficiently and master key exam skills.

I focus on delivering targeted, high-impact teaching, while maintaining a supportive and engaging learning environment where students are challenged but not overwhelmed.

Alongside 1:1 tuition, I run multiple local GCSE Chinese group classes, allowing me to identify patterns in student performance and deliver highly targeted, exam-focused teaching.

Tutoring Approach:
Lessons are fully personalised and focused on achieving measurable results.

For exam preparation (GCSE / IGCSE / A-Level, including AQA, Edexcel and Cambridge IGCSE), lessons focus on:
- Speaking fluency and exam performance
- Writing structure and accuracy based on mark schemes
- Listening skills and exam techniques
- Targeted improvement on weak areas

Lessons are designed to be effective and focused, using proven teaching methods to maximise progress.

After each lesson, students receive targeted homework and lesson notes to reinforce learning and support independent revision.

️️ Limited availability - most students stay long-term.

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Personal Description:
I am a former teacher at a GCSE and Sixth Form college in west London. I currently work in the E-learning industry. I also have my own podcast about education, Education Bookcast. I cover a book a week about education research, for the benefit of teachers, parents, and anybody who takes an interest.

I am a Chemical Engineering graduate from Trinity College, Cambridge.

Teaching Experience:
I have worked as a tutor for 7 years in total. My students vary from 11+ to Key stage 3 to GCSE to A-level as well as university level students. I have taught over 70 students one-on-one so far, as well as many more in school and in private courses for examinations such as STEP, usually for several months at a time.

Here are some of the things that my students have said about me:

"Stas is an excellent tutor, I am studying Mechanical Engineering and his knowledge of Maths, Mechanics and Thermo Dynamics is extensive. He explained things in a clear and precise way and was always well prepared for the sessions. He was also punctual and reliable; it was a pleasure to learn from him."
Jack, Liverpool University

"I am currently studying Chemical Engineering, and Stas tutored me for Process Engineering, his teaching was nothing but the best, i understood the course in no time. He explains everything from the basics, something i wanted. Honestly, I will recommend him any day! He is a brilliant tutor."
Zahra, Manchester University

"Stas is an enthusiastic and patient Maths tutor. He has provided me with some very good examples, and has been a great help."
Jim, Manchester Metropolitan University, MA Bioinformatics

"Stas is a great tutor. I feel much more confident with Maths now then I did when we first started. It is evident in my grades that Stas has helped me improve in Maths. He is very good at explaining the material that I don't understand; he uses different scenarios to help explain them which enables me to apply Maths to real life situations. I enjoyed our tuition sessions, as Stas made Maths fun!"
Sehr, Manchester, AS Maths

"My son, Alex was having problem with Biology, so far he had only few lessons with Stas but there's been a huge improvement in his grade already. We have been so impressed with Stas's teaching techniques, that we are taking on extra lessons in Maths and Physics with Stas. Stas is the most genuine teacher I've come across, there is no nonsense with him. I can see that Stas truly enjoys teaching and more importantly my son finds learning from Stas is so enjoyable."
Mel, Cheshire

"Stas has tutored me in Maths, Chemistry and Physics at GCSE level. He is very clear and explains things well. He is also very patient, will listen and when I don't understand will try to explain things in a different way. He has been very supportive throughout my exams and has helped me to feel more confident about them. We went through all of the difficult things I struggled with, so that I had a better understanding of them.
I got A*'s in all the subjects he tutored me. He is helping me with A levels now."
Kaija, London

"This has been our first experience of using a tutor and it has been very good, thanks to Stas. Not only is he very reliable, but my son has enjoyed the sessions and learnt a great deal in terms of problem solving with his maths, Further Maths and Physics. Stas has also been able to help with some more complex Chemistry work. So far, they have worked through the more challenging sections of the Further Maths syllabus and past papers. Most importantly, my son finds their sessions extremely useful and Stas inspirational to work with."
Tamlyn, London

"Stas is extremely easy to get on with, always polite and extremely patient with me.
He maintains a constant positive approach and encourages me dutifully regardless of how badly I perform.
He helps me keep track of how I am improving so that I can watch my progress based on timely reviews of what we have achieved.
Stas is a fantastic guy and a terrific teacher. Based on my experiences I would certainly be able to recommend him to anyone.
Overall Rating (10/10)"
Joe, London

Tutoring Approach:
It is easy to overcomplicate things.

- Anyone can learn anything. It's a matter of method, support, application, and belief.
- Students learn new material at first by seeing a need to learn the new thing (e.g. because they don't know how to solve a new problem), and connecting new information to things they already know.
- They then need to strengthen this understanding by engaging in problems themselves and trying to remember what they have learned.
- Many students need to gain confidence. This partly comes from encouragement, but true confidence comes from progress and success, which comes from following the above.
- Students need guidance. It's challenging enough to try to focus on the material. Teachers need to make sure that all of students' focus is placed on thinking about the content, rather than on sideline issues like trying to figure out what comes next.
- Efficiency is important. Most people have specific targets (e.g. passing an exam). Things need to happen quickly.
- At the same time, early stages sometimes need to take longer in order to build a foundation for what follows. Taking a step back can be important in order to be clear on what's really going on, and avoiding rote memorisation or "going through the motions".

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