Cheadle Mandarin Tutors and Cheadle Mandarin Tuition

Personal Description:
- qualified ex-secondary MFL teacher (PGCE, QTS obtained), familiar with and taught Mandarin Chinese GCSE specifications (AQA and Edexcel), A Level Chinese specifications at UK secondary schools. My students have great exam results.
- Native Mandarin and Taiwanese speaker, Excellent communication skills
- Experienced Mandarin Tutor. I worked with pupils at different levels: pre-School/ KS1- 5/ FE/ HE/ adults/ retired/ business Chinese/ tourism Chinese, including those with SEN and from diverse cultural background using English as an additional language)
- Freelance translator (television programmes subtitles, between English and Mandarin Chinese)
- Freelance interpreter (legal/Immigration)
- Experienced in tailor-making and delivering one-to-one tutoring lessons
- Knowledge of traditional Chinese/Taiwanese culture, politics, history, geography, society and current pop culture. Also able to combine the above with Mandarin learning/teaching
- Patient, reliable and honest
- mentored PGCE student teachers, Early Career Teachers.
- conduct and co-lead research projects with IOE (Institute of Education, University College London), on Content and Language Integrated Learning, 2021 to date. Co-presented the research results at 2 international academic conferences in 2023.

Teaching Experience:
- Mandarin Teacher at University of Leeds (Sep 2008- May 2011), a private school in north Wales (Y7 and Y9, complete beginner group/individual and GCSE preparation, 2011), a grammar school on the Wirral (2015- 2020, Y7- Y13, including GCSE/A Level preparation), and a comprehensive state school in Liverpool (2020-2023).
- Author/proof-reader of online Mandarin course contents (targeting KS2, KS3, and GCSE learners); Online Mandarin Tutor (KS2 learners and GCSE candidates. One of my pupils was accepted by a Chinese undergraduate course as her first choice for Sep 2014 entry, because of my lessons); eLearning Specialist advising the management team regarding VLE/ LMS and providing training on online teaching for fellow teachers (all above under this bullet point: between Jun 2012- Jun 2014, employed by a private company in north Wales)
- freelance one-to-one Tutor of Mandarin, face-to-face and online
- University Lecturer in Audience Development in Taiwan
- University Lecturer in Arts Management in Taiwan
- University Lecturer in English in Taiwan
- Tutor of English (adult/primary/secondary level, face-to-face, individual and groups) in Taiwan

Tutoring Approach:
- Use real-Life scenario for examples and conversation practice
- Integrate Culture into language acquisition
- Offer Business/Leisure/Travel/Conversation Mandarin Lessons
- Offer Pin-Yin and Phonics; Simplified and Traditional Mandarin characters
- Lessons are tailor-made to suit different levels from beginners to advanced Mandarin speaker
- You can choose to get trained in Listening, Speaking, Writing or Reading skills, or a combination of these four
- Deliver lessons in English-only, Mandarin-only, or a combination of English and Mandarin
- Devise different learning methods/ activities/ content for each individual learner to suit their own confidence, Mandarin abilities and learning targets/ motives.
- Encourage students to participate in their own learning process actively by creating an interactive and friendly learning environment.

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Personal Description:
I am a PGCE-qualified teacher with two Master's degrees, and I also serve as a Cambridge International examiner. My teaching expertise covers Mandarin GCSE (9-1), IGCSE, GCE (A level), HSK, Japanese GCSE (9-1), and JLPT qualifications. I teach my students both on-site and via Zoom for private students.

Teaching Experience:
I teach both Mandarin and Japanese at local independent schools and universities, and I am also an experienced private tutor. I instruct both simplified and traditional Chinese, as well as Japanese, to both native and non-native students, including professionals. Over the past decade, my students have consistently achieved outstanding results in Edexcel Chinese (9-1) and Japanese GCSEs (9-1), earning A* and Grade 9. Additionally, they have excelled with As in A-level Chinese.

I've successfully tutored numerous students who pursued further 'Oriental studies' at Oxford University, completed an MPhil in Chinese studies at Oxford, and Japanese at Leeds University and Cardiff University.

In addition, I possess a strong working knowledge of the national curriculum and am very familiar with the demands and expectations of both state and independent schooling.

Tutoring Approach:
Encouraging, effective, student-centered approach, and developing a love for learning.

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Personal Description:
Post doctoral researcher at University of Sheffield, working to improve mathematical computer models which predict onset of heart disease.

I recently completed a PhD in Bioengineering at Imperial College London, carrying out mathematical research on heart disease. My first degree was in Maths at the same university, and I took a Masters in Biomedical Research in between.

I attended both a state school and a top boarding school and am comfortable to cover topics on and off the standard syllabus.

I am a very fun, friendly person with a wide range of activities and hobbies from inline skating to singing and playing the violin.

Teaching Experience:
I have tutored A-level maths privately for a few years, and also spent several weeks as a teaching assistant in a secondary school during my undergraduate degree as part of the Student Associates Scheme. Many of my contemporaries from university are science and mathematics teachers across England and overseas, and I periodically discuss teaching methods and curriculum changes with them.

During my PhD, I led undergraduate tutorials and problems classes in the Mathematics and several Engineering departments, teaching undergraduates from 1st year to 4th year. The courses include Mathematical Methods, Matlab, Fluid Mechanics, PDEs, Modelling in Biology, Heat and Mass Transfer. I also carried out 1-1 tuition for undergraduates at departmental request. I have supervised a number of undergraduate and masters research projects and summer students.

Tutoring Approach:
I am a very approachable person and I prefer interactive sessions, although I can tailor the tuition style to the individual.

A first meeting would involve an informal chat for the student and I to get more familiar with his/her needs and style of working, and everything follows from there.

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Personal Description:
I am a native speaker of Mandarin. I am a graduate student who study Radio in University of London. My BA degree is Journalism and I graduated from one of top universities in Mainland China. I am good at Mandarin. I love to talk and communicate.

Teaching Experience:
attend the language exchange group and tech people Mandarin.

Tutoring Approach:
Chinese phonetic alphabet
Chinese characters and pronunciation
useful sentence and dialogue

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Personal Description:
Qualification:(ICA)International Certificate Of Accreditation In Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language.
I am kind and patient person. I love children and I have passion to teach people Chinese ( Mandarin). Native speak mandarin; excellent written and verbal; Always encourage and always find new way to help children or adults to quickly understand and grasp the Chinese meaning.

I live in UK for more than 13 years, I have family and 2 children.

Teaching Experience:
so far, I work at Milton Keynes Chinese School and private lesson. Also I have many years of experience at school in China, teaching students privately and in school classes ranging from beginner to upper-intermediate/advanced. Experience of working with young children of different cultural backgrounds and designing lessons to suit individual needs. I completed the International Mandarin Teaching qualifications.

Tutoring Approach:
For one on one lesson or online
Age :3 years old - adult
Level: Beginner-Senior

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Personal Description:
I am a native Chinese speaking fluent standard Chinese Mandarin and English, and have taught Chinese Mandarin for over 18 years in Birmingham, and currently work part time for a local mainstream school in UK.

I am also an experienced English and Maths tutor and a certified 11+ teacher and have a very good success rate with all of my pupils for passing 11+ tests, successfully grabbed places in local grammar schools and private schools, and achieving higher GCSE grades.

Teaching Experience:
I have taught Chinese Mandarin for over 20 years to students from different countries with diverse linguistic backgrounds in UK. I have experience in teaching Chinese at various levels including GCSE, A level and HSK. I currently work part time for a local mainstream school in UK.

I am also an experienced English and Maths tutor and a certified 11+ teacher and have a very good success rate with all of my pupils for passing 11+ tests, successfully grabbed places in local grammar schools and private schools, and achieving higher GCSE grades.

Tutoring Approach:
I am a patient, passionate and dedicated female teacher and have a track record of helping students achieve top grades and dramatically improve their attainment. My lessons are tailored to meet each student's need, interesting and motivating.

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Personal Description:
I am an outgoing, patient, and hard-working girl with short hair. I have finished both of my master's degrees at the University of Warwick within the field of Engineering and started to work on my Ph.D. degree from the Nov of 2020 for Autonomous Vehicle also at the University of Warwick.

Outside of my academic work, I have pursued many extracurricular undertakings throughout my life. During my undergraduate study, I served as the University of Liverpool Flash Mob Society President and led huge street performance activities which were broadcast by CCTV13 and several other television channels. Despite attending school in China, I took English A-Levels and I have attained high marks in English language exams. Further, I am a talented musician and, at the age of 11, I obtained a Level 9 certification (UK Grade 8 equivalent) in the electric organ. Also able to join several excellent internship opportunities.

Teaching Experience:
I have been worked in a company which teaches English to under-achieving Chinese children. These experiences have greatly improved my skills in self-assessment, teamwork and communication.

I have taught some friends I met at the University who were interested in Mandarin and after a term, they can do simple conversation with me.

Tutoring Approach:
I prefer to teach Mandarin based on a book with exercises on it. But I also believe that the most effective way to learn a language is freestyle conversation with different theme after several basic lessons. I am very patient and love to teach children during playing small games with them. During the current Covid-19 situations, the online meeting is preferred.

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Personal Description:
I am an artist working in my own art studio in Ouseburn, Newcastle. I express my love of culture and diversity through my art and teaching practices. I try to explore a vast range of styles (12 different art styles) to earn a richer understanding of the cultures that they come from. Over three decades, I have made a living creating; a freelance artist and tutor. I have a BA degree in Fine art from Beijing. China and a MA in Art from UK.

Teaching Experience:
I have years of experience teaching art and language for all age groups delivering one-to-one, groups and large events. I also a qualified adults education teacher. I also work with SEN children and adults to improve their wellbeing through art therapy.

Tutoring Approach:
I am friendly, well organized, work on time, motivated teacher. I can be flexible and tailor the lessons suits for your need. I

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Personal Description:
I am a native speaker in Mandarin with a standard accent and I am currently teaching Mandarin in the UK .
I studied Chinese Language and Literature for four years in China.
I graduated in MA Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages.
I have been teaching Chinese to speakers of other language over 6 years.

Teaching Experience:
I have been teaching Chinese to speakers of other language over 6 years in both University and language institute in China
I teach beginners Mandarin and teach learners with higher level purpose .
I also have been teaching and helping students acquire mandarin for travelling, business , daily communicating etc.
I taught different classes . And my students from different age groups from 6 years old kids to 50 plus years old adults.
Generally my students could communicate with native freely during 3 months learning in my classes, and almost all my students could reach the HSK(Chinese proficiency Test) level 2 or level 3 through 6 months learning.
After 6-month teaching in this Institute I assistant teaching supervisor to give training to new Chinese teachers.

Tutoring Approach:
Normally my lessons are tailored to students' interests.I prefer to introduce Chinese culture, history and dialects to students.
Using games to help students memorise characters.
Teaching plan is flexible depending on which level you want to achieve.

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Personal Description:
Hello my name is Cissy. I am from Shanghai, China. Mandarin is my native language and I provide private Mandarin tuition as my full time work now. I have been a personal Chinese tutor since 2006 to children and adults in China as part

Teaching Experience:
I have successfully taught students of all levels from complete beginner to immediate level and advanced speaking and business level Mandarin. My teaching is mainly 1 on a 1 basis, and the class content is tailored to each students needs. I can also teach groups of students if required.

Tutoring Approach:
As a Chinese language teacher I believe I am not just teaching a language, but also introducing Chinese culture to students. My teaching is never only based on textbooks. I like to integrate topics from world news and TV, and mixed with Chinese films and music.

I have lived in London since 2011 and I constantly travel between the UK and China. I have no trouble in communicating Chinese meanings of words and explaining complicated language structures to my students. In my teaching experience over seven years, I have found that most UK students feel Chinese pronunciation the most difficult and the grammar can be confusing. Therefore in my teaching I make special efforts on explaining the varied language senses/logics between English and Chinese. I often draw examples from both languages and compare them.

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Personal Description:
I graduated from university in China with a major in Journalism. I worked for more than five years at provincial and municipal television stations in China as a presenter, and I obtained certification in the National Putonghua Proficiency Test. In order to further enhance my skills, I pursued a Master's degree in International Business at a university in the UK, which I successfully completed. From the above, it can be seen that my proficiency in Chinese comes from my background in Journalism, while my international perspective is derived from studying International Business at the Master's level.

I am a loving, patient teacher with a strong sense of responsibility and I truly love Chinese language teaching.

Teaching Experience:
I have been teaching Chinese for nearly 10 years, and during this time I also founded my own Chinese school, offering courses from beginner to intermediate and advanced levels. The main exams I prepare students for include YCT1-4, HSK1-6, GCSE Chinese, A-LEVEL Chinese, Business Chinese (from beginner to advanced), and more. My students have achieved outstanding results: a 100% pass rate for YCT1-4 with average scores above 90, GCSE Chinese students scoring 8 A+ or above, National 5 Mandarin students receiving A grades, A-LEVEL Chinese students achieving 8 A+ or above, and a recent student scored 260 out of 300 on the HSK4 Exam.

I can help students of any Chinese proficiency level reach their desired goals. I am a very kind and patient teacher with a high sense of responsibility. With the rapid development of internet technology and to save time and convenience, many students prefer to learn online. Would you like to learn Chinese online? Would you like me to teach you Chinese?

Tutoring Approach:
My Chinese teaching method primarily involves using both English and Chinese simultaneously. For beginner students, English is used more frequently than Chinese. However, as teaching progresses and students' proficiency in Chinese improves, Chinese gradually becomes the dominant language. Of course, the use of both languages varies randomly and is never fixed.

In classroom, I practice different teaching methods e.g. entertaining and interactive lectures and follow through induction, these effectively stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm in learning Chinese.

Furthermore, individualized instruction is the primary teaching method I employ in Chinese language teaching. Different students have different comprehension abilities, which requires teachers to continuously adapt to their students. I am a caring and patient teacher, but I also maintain a certain level of strictness. In my teaching, I promptly provide assistance and corrections tailored to students' specific challenges, allowing them to progress more effectively.

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Personal Description:
I'm a lively and friendly person. I was born and raised in Malaysia. I speak fluent English. My first language is Chinese. I have a passion for teaching as the students are always keen on learning. I feel a sense of achievement every time my students learn something new which led me to wanting to teach Mandarin to all age learners.

Teaching Experience:
I once taught a group of 5 students English for five months. I am also currently teaching Mandarin on different teaching websites.

Tutoring Approach:
I am very patient and willing to make friends with my students to create a positive environment where my students are welcome to raise any questions and share their ideas. And knowing that there are different types of learners, I desire to create a positive environment to meet the students' unique needs. I always try to use different resources to help achieve the students' potentials.

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Personal Description:
I am a native Chinese speaker who grew up in a Traditional Chinese environment in Taiwan. I've also studied art, lived and worked in the UK for the last 4 years. Therefore, I have a sufficient understanding of both languages and I've been teaching Chinese to adults and kids for more than 3 years. 

I enjoy helping people express themselves through Chinese, and making the learning process delightful and practical. I also have multiple interests including drawing, yoga, planting, swimming, reading, dancing, going to exhibitions and going camping. I am happy to share things I know with you and learn from your interests. 

Teaching Experience:
In the last three years, I've helped students with different needs, backgrounds,  ages, and different Chinese levels. For example, helping a total beginner to build up a basic knowledge of Chinese, helping intermediates to have daily conversations, and helping the advanced learners to speak precisely in daily and business contexts. 

I can teach in the pin yin or Zhuyin system according to students' needs, and both traditional and simplified Chinese. My previous experiences include preparing a family(aged 6 and aged 35) to move to Chinese speaking country, introducing Chinese to teenagers who are interested in Chinese culture and history, and helping people who want to work bilingually in English and Chinese, as well as support people who had learned Chinese long time ago to pick it up again. 

I am passionate about teaching the Chinese language and culture, and I enjoy seeing my students' joy in achieving and improving.

Tutoring Approach:
We will design the course content together based on your interests, needs, and abilities, and develop it according to your goals. The course can be in full Chinese or half Chinese and half English. 


For beginners, I usually start with building up vocabularies, recognising characters, and speaking, then move on to sentence structures and grammar. I encourage my students to speak and communicate confidently even if it's not perfect, and we will correct the word order and grammar from the conversations. 


I enrich the courses with props, books, games, and videos for students of different ages. My approach is to create an enjoyable and relaxed space for you to speak Chinese and learn from mistakes. I will help you cultivate your confidence with my patient and friendly guidance.

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Personal Description:
I am from Malaysia, currently studying in Kings College London taking MSc Microbiome in Health and Disease.
I have experience in teaching, and I am passionate about sharing knowledge to students, and encouraging students to learn.
I believe that education takes us to places, even to territories that are yet to be ventured. Even though I have left the formal education field to pursue my interests, I believe that I can serve in the field by tutoring students in need.

Teaching Experience:
BIOLOGY TEACHER (01/2016 - 08/2021)
Sabah Tshung Tsin Secondary School, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
Worked with Science department Head as special adviser on curriculum development for Biology programme.
Maintained positive, supportive relationships and communication channels with parents and caregivers.
Delivered lab lessons, utilising lab equipment and experiments to further student learning.
Effectively managed classroom behaviour through deescalation and redirection techniques.
Provided interactive and digital learning sessions during COVID in compliance with quality learning standards.
Supervised safe lab work, closely monitoring students adherence to all health and safety policies.
Assessed student performance, behaviour and social development and devised improvement strategies for struggling children.
Established and enforced clear class objectives and requirements to promote consistent education for all students.

TRANSLATOR/INTERPRETER (11/2014 - 12/2015)
Yu Gong Decoration Sdn. Bhd., Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Translated various documents within tight deadlines, including legal and technical content.
Proofread completed translations to catch and fix punctuation, grammatical and translation errors.
Conducted in-depth research or consulted with specialists to obtain information on technical information translation or scientific phrases.
Translated original text, ensuring perfect spelling, grammar and punctuation.
Offered quick verbal translations of documents for use by legal and business professionals.

Tutoring Approach:
Firstly I will try to understand the student's level of understanding in a particular topic.
I will also compare with the education syllabus to grasp the requirements for the student to pass with certain grade.

Once those are ascertained, I will make use of available teaching materials (such as videos, educational books) to teach the student, and even make use of drawings to illustrate my points.

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Personal Description:
Hello! I'm Dongni. UK Global Talent Visa holder for children's book authorship and illustration. Award- winning, four-time monograph published, children's picture book author and illustrator.

Teaching Experience:
I taught Chinese for both children and adults in an aritist way.
In the past 5 years:
I ran art workshops in both China and UK.
I designed art course for both adults and children.

Tutoring Approach:
I love helping students to achieve what they want in an relaxing way. So let me know what is your purpose to learn Chinese. I will make a personalized plan for you!
INTO: Art, live music, sport (swimming, Pilates, Yoga, hiking, playing basketball), museum, gallery, cooking, etc
These can be our topics in class.
Bonus:
If you choose me, you will get opportunities to read my books.
If you are into art, after language class, we can sketch together and you will get an extra art tutorial.
If you like cooking, I can share my secret Chinese recipes.

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Personal Description:
Hello, You may call me Gavin. I am from Hong Kong and is now living in the UK. I have expertise in multiple languages and has recently graduated in the London School of Economics and Political Science. I can help with Secondary School level or even University Level history or history learning in general. Feel free to talk to me even if you are not interested in history, I also offer classes in teaching Cantonese, Mandarin, English and Japanese.

Teaching Experience:
I have been teaching private tutoring since my university years. I have experience teaching children ranging from age 8 to 16. I am expert in teaching Secondary School History and languages (Cantonese, Mandarin, English and Japanese)

Tutoring Approach:
Let's make learning fun and exciting together! I'm Gavin, a multilingual tutor with a passion for history. Whether you need help with history or want to learn Cantonese, Mandarin, English, or Japanese, I'm here for you. Let's embark on this educational journey with enthusiasm and joy!

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Personal Description:
Hi, my name is SSU. I am from Taiwan. I am happy to say hi to all the people who might be interested in learning Mandarin.
I am willing to discuss your learning preference and design the teaching plan. I am currently living in Manchester (M11). I am happy to provide an in-person teaching nearby or provide a lesson online.

Teaching Experience:
I was a primary school teacher when I lived in Taiwan. I used to tutor primary school-age students in Mandarin and English.
Moreover, my interests and degree are related to art, therefore, I taught art to a wide range of ages students in Taiwan and the UK.

About my Mandarin teaching, I mainly gained some experience from my language exchange partners, and I am passionate about it. Therefore, I hope that I can teach more people to approach their goals.

Tutoring Approach:
I have an online resource for teaching using. Therefore, I will follow the Mandarin teaching textbook to guide learners. In addition, I would like to create slides to show my teaching content. Moreover, I will provide homework for students to practice.

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Personal Description:
I am a former teacher at a GCSE and Sixth Form college in west London. I currently work in the E-learning industry. I also have my own podcast about education, Education Bookcast. I cover a book a week about education research, for the benefit of teachers, parents, and anybody who takes an interest.

I am a Chemical Engineering graduate from Trinity College, Cambridge.

Teaching Experience:
I have worked as a tutor for 7 years in total. My students vary from 11+ to Key stage 3 to GCSE to A-level as well as university level students. I have taught over 70 students one-on-one so far, as well as many more in school and in private courses for examinations such as STEP, usually for several months at a time.

Here are some of the things that my students have said about me:

"Stas is an excellent tutor, I am studying Mechanical Engineering and his knowledge of Maths, Mechanics and Thermo Dynamics is extensive. He explained things in a clear and precise way and was always well prepared for the sessions. He was also punctual and reliable; it was a pleasure to learn from him."
Jack, Liverpool University

"I am currently studying Chemical Engineering, and Stas tutored me for Process Engineering, his teaching was nothing but the best, i understood the course in no time. He explains everything from the basics, something i wanted. Honestly, I will recommend him any day! He is a brilliant tutor."
Zahra, Manchester University

"Stas is an enthusiastic and patient Maths tutor. He has provided me with some very good examples, and has been a great help."
Jim, Manchester Metropolitan University, MA Bioinformatics

"Stas is a great tutor. I feel much more confident with Maths now then I did when we first started. It is evident in my grades that Stas has helped me improve in Maths. He is very good at explaining the material that I don't understand; he uses different scenarios to help explain them which enables me to apply Maths to real life situations. I enjoyed our tuition sessions, as Stas made Maths fun!"
Sehr, Manchester, AS Maths

"My son, Alex was having problem with Biology, so far he had only few lessons with Stas but there's been a huge improvement in his grade already. We have been so impressed with Stas's teaching techniques, that we are taking on extra lessons in Maths and Physics with Stas. Stas is the most genuine teacher I've come across, there is no nonsense with him. I can see that Stas truly enjoys teaching and more importantly my son finds learning from Stas is so enjoyable."
Mel, Cheshire

"Stas has tutored me in Maths, Chemistry and Physics at GCSE level. He is very clear and explains things well. He is also very patient, will listen and when I don't understand will try to explain things in a different way. He has been very supportive throughout my exams and has helped me to feel more confident about them. We went through all of the difficult things I struggled with, so that I had a better understanding of them.
I got A*'s in all the subjects he tutored me. He is helping me with A levels now."
Kaija, London

"This has been our first experience of using a tutor and it has been very good, thanks to Stas. Not only is he very reliable, but my son has enjoyed the sessions and learnt a great deal in terms of problem solving with his maths, Further Maths and Physics. Stas has also been able to help with some more complex Chemistry work. So far, they have worked through the more challenging sections of the Further Maths syllabus and past papers. Most importantly, my son finds their sessions extremely useful and Stas inspirational to work with."
Tamlyn, London

"Stas is extremely easy to get on with, always polite and extremely patient with me.
He maintains a constant positive approach and encourages me dutifully regardless of how badly I perform.
He helps me keep track of how I am improving so that I can watch my progress based on timely reviews of what we have achieved.
Stas is a fantastic guy and a terrific teacher. Based on my experiences I would certainly be able to recommend him to anyone.
Overall Rating (10/10)"
Joe, London

Tutoring Approach:
It is easy to overcomplicate things.

- Anyone can learn anything. It's a matter of method, support, application, and belief.
- Students learn new material at first by seeing a need to learn the new thing (e.g. because they don't know how to solve a new problem), and connecting new information to things they already know.
- They then need to strengthen this understanding by engaging in problems themselves and trying to remember what they have learned.
- Many students need to gain confidence. This partly comes from encouragement, but true confidence comes from progress and success, which comes from following the above.
- Students need guidance. It's challenging enough to try to focus on the material. Teachers need to make sure that all of students' focus is placed on thinking about the content, rather than on sideline issues like trying to figure out what comes next.
- Efficiency is important. Most people have specific targets (e.g. passing an exam). Things need to happen quickly.
- At the same time, early stages sometimes need to take longer in order to build a foundation for what follows. Taking a step back can be important in order to be clear on what's really going on, and avoiding rote memorisation or "going through the motions".

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